Chapter #9 - Enabling the Organization- Decision Making

What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) :

 is the intelligence of machines and robots and the branch of computer science that aims to create it. AI textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1955, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines."AI research is highly technical and specialised, deeply divided into subfields.

  Expert System – computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems.

An example of expert system in terms of medical…this basic tasks are carried out by medical expert system which is diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, monitoring. In terms of treatment, the patient or physician could access the system through internet. From here, the user could choose from the choice of patient’s databases or patience disease database. Each database would perform the particular task, either from diagnosis module or prediction module. Then the user will received the feedback through internet so that the treatment can be performed. 

 

 Neural Network – attempts to emulate the way the human brains works – fuzzy logic – a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.

An example of neural network which is bank loans….imagine a highly experienced bank manager who must decide which customers will qualify for a loan. His decision is based on a completed application form that contains ten questions. Each question is answered by a number from 1 to 5 ( some responses may be subjective in nature). If we had a large number of loan applications as input, along with the manager’s decision as output, a neural network could be ‘ trained’ on these patterns. The inner workings of the neural network have enough mathematical sophistication to reasonably simulate the expert’s intuition.